Repeat breeding in cow,causes,symptoms, treatment

 

Repeat breeding in cow

“Repeat breeders are cows that are cycling normally, with no clinical abnormalities, which have failed to conceive after at least three successive inseminations”

Repeat breeders can be divided into two groups:

Early repeats 

Cows that come into heat within 17-24 days after AI.

In these animals the luteal function has been shorter than normal or typical for the physiological oestrus cycle in non bred cow. In these cows the most probable event is either failure of fertilisation (delayed ovulation, poor semen quality etc.) or early embryonic death (delayed ovulation, poor embryo quality, unfavourable uterine environment, precocious luteolysis)

Late repeats

Cows that come into heat later than 25 days after AI. 

In these animals the luteal function was maintained for longer than the physiological luteal phase in non bred cows. Fertilisation and initial recognition of pregnancy probably took place but for some reason (inadequate luteal function, inadequate embryo signalling, infectious diseases, induced luteolysis) luteolysis was induced and pregnancy lost.

Congenital and acquired factors

1. Male factors

2.Early embryonic death

3.Technological factors

4.Nutritional/ managemental factors 

5. Female factors

Female factors

-Endocrine factors

-Impaired function of Hypothalamus

-Pituitary

-Ovarian activity 

-Other factors 

-Persistent CL

-Follicular/ Luteal cyst

-Anovulatory heat

-Delayed ovulation

-Failure of nidation of embryo

-Failure collection of ova by fimbria 

Treatment

a) Inj. GnRH 

       e.g. inj. Gonavet, Fertilon, Gonarelin etc

b) Inj. Prostaglandin

       e.g. inj. Dinoprost, Prostavet etc

c) Inj. Progesterone for pregnancy

       e.g. P-depot / duraprogen 

Lugol’s iodine painting on cervix

Male factors 

Testicular disease

 Testicular degeneration/hypoplasia 

Cryptorchidism/neoplasm

Orchitis

Semen qualities

 Low sperm concentration

More dead sperm

Abnormal sperm

Obtained from older bull 

Treatment /Recommendations 

-Collection of semen from healthy bull

 -Treatment of venereal disease

 -Hygienic collection of semen

 -Regular check of straw 

-Technological factor 

-AI Technique

-Improper thawing

-Improper handling of straw

-AI in early pregnant showing gestational estrus

-Hormonal treatment

-Vigorous handling of genitalia in PD 

-Proper management and handling of semen

-AI with skilled person

-Avoid vigorous handling of genitalia

-Proper detection of heat

-Proper time, site, dose of semen

-Avoid unwanted hormonal treatment

Nutritional factors 

Vit.-A,D,E deficiency

Mineral deficiency-P 

Treatment

 1. Inj. Vit-a

 2. Inj. Tonophosphone/ T-phos/ 

          any or P preparation

 3. Mineral mix orally